Darwin
Unfathomable Sea! whose waves are years,
Ocean of Time, whose waters of deep woe
are brackish with the salt of human tears!
Thou shoreless flood, which in thy ebb and flow
claspest the limits of mortality!
And sick of prey, yet howling on for more,
vomitest thy wrecks on its inhospitable shore;
treacherous in calm, and terrible in storm.
Who shall put forth on thee, Unfathomable Sea?
On His Majesty's Ship The Beagle the sea fills my mind
with a sense of the infinite.
The sea: cold and monotonous, like the crust of some desolate planet.
And still, the waves remind me of the meadowns at home,
Down House, meadows, soft hills, rolling and undulating far away now.
My soul expands for the great chain of being.
(Charles Darwin)
On the Galapagos islands I observe mockingbirds.
Mockingbirds differ from island to island.
Different beaks and different songs.
Different beaks for different foods.
Animals change, species adapt, transform, evolve.
The Beagle braves the oceans, Australia. Africa.
Over the waves through the storms I carry secrets of evolution home.
(The Presenter)
Distinguished Gentlemen,
on the occasion of ouf First International Eugenics Congress
I have the honour to proudly present our highly appreciated president;
Doctor Leonard Darwin.
As Charles Darwin's eighth child he considers himself,
with appropriate modesty, the least intelligent of all his siblings.
We of course know very well that this humility only shows
the brilliance of his family.
The floor is yours, dear Doctor.
(Leonard Darwin)
Thank you.
Heredity should be, in my opinion, the guiding star of this society.
I rejoice in the relationship between the families of Galton and Darwin,
because it brought me into close connection with my cherished father's cousin,
that striking and charming personality; Sir Francis Galton,
the founder of Eugenics.
In eighteen-eighty-three, in his work on Human Faculty
Galton first used the word "Eugenics" in connection with "the cultivation of race."
to express the science of improving stock,
to give to the more suitable races or strains of blood
a better chance of prevailing speedily over the less suitable.
May the mantle of Sir Francis fall on all who wish to follow his footsteps
in the study of heredity.
(Charles Darwin)
Home. Eightteen-thirty-nine. Down House. Christmas just passed.
On a cold winter's night our first baby is born.
I closely observe William Erasmus.
The first week he yawns, hiccups and sneezes.
One month and one day old, he perceives the bosom when four inches from it.
Lips protrude, eyes become fixed.
How does he know?
Is it by smell or sight?
It is certainly not by touch.
(Leonard Darwin)
In speaking of Eugenics,
Galton had in mind all possible methods by which future generations
can be made to rise higher and higher in all noble qualities.
We shall act in accordance with the views of the first great pioneer of Eugenics
if we consecrate our energies to the improvement
of the lot of the unborn millions of the future.
(Charles Darwin)
Home. Down House. Summer.
The garden is flourishing.
In summer my children and I observe the bumble bees.
Bombus Hortorum.
To track the bees my children lie on their tummies,
and when a bee flies by they call:
Here's a bee!
(Leonard Darwin)
Politically the future is absolutely voiceless!
our task is to study all methods of preventing the decadence of the nation.
Legislation is but a method of enforcing the national will.
If the least naturally gifted sections of a nation reproduce more rapidly,
then the higher are being swamped by the lower,
and the nation is decadent.
The most crying need for reform concerns the segregation of the feebleminded,
we have to diminish the alarmingly rapid reproduction of that unfortunate class of
lunatics, criminals, habitual drunkards, the poorest stratum,
the diseas'd, the thriftless, and the unemployable.
(Charles Darwin)
Home. Down House. Spring.
Our ten year old Annie died of red fever.
This chimes the final death knell for my Christianity.
(Leonard Darwin)
The campaign against disease, which we warmly approve,
is in some ways having clearly antieugenic effects.
Disease does produce beneficial results
in preventing sickly stock from reaching maturity and reproducing;
this being one of the methods by which the standard of fitness has been maintained
in all living beings since life first appeared on earth.
Any improvement which lessens disease will tend to prevent
natural selection taking place.
If the human race is to continue to progress,
if it is not to lose the ground so painfully won in long ages of struggle in the past,
some other agency to check the reproduction of the feeble in body and mind
must take the place of natural selection.
(Charles Darwin)
Home. Down House. Christmas again.
William Erasmus has turned seventeen.
With a camera I gave him hephotographs Emma
holding our youngest child in her arms:
little Charles Waring.
We call him Baby.
Our baby is small for his age, backward in walking and talking.
Of a joyful disposition, but no high spirits.
He lies on my lap, making nice little bubbling noises as I move his chin.
Baby has scarlet fever.
I'm worried.
Emma and I are first cousins.
Is this the source of our children's illnesses
Disease does produce beneficial results in preventing sickly stock
from reaching maturity and reproducing;
Eugenics is a great moral question founded on a scientific basis.
No more noble task can be undertaken
than to go amongst the very poorest girls in our big towns
with the view of instilling into their minds
both from a moral and material point of view
the necessity of greater selfrestraint before they leap
in the matter of marriage.
All married women of the better paid classes
who voluntarily abstain from their primary duty of becoming mothers
are sinning against nature.
When the Linnean Society first announced Darwin's theory of natural selection,
on the first of July, eighteen-fifty-eight,
Charles Darwin did not attend.
He was at the funeral of his youngest son.
(Charles Darwin)
Our poor little darling's short life has been placid, innocent and joyful.
I think an trust he did not suffer so much at last, as he appeared to do;
but the last thirty-six hours were miserable beyond expression.
Thou shorelss flood, which in thy ebb and flow claspest the limits of mortality!
And sick of prey, yet howling on for more,
vomitest thy wrecks on its inhospitable shore;
(Charles Darwin)
In the sleep of death he resumed his placid looks.
Who shall put forth on thee, Unfathomable Sea?
Ocean of Time.
